Students drink hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic, or buffer solutions...yummmmm.

Urine dip sticks test for a variety of substances, including ketones, blood, bilirubin, glucose, proteins and pH. 

Specific Gravity is tested in the urinometer (left), while the presence of sulfates, phosphates, chlorides, and glucose are tested for in the test tubes.

This is a more sensitive test for glucose, using Benedicts solution.

These three test tubes show:

1) A positive test for phosphates

2) A positive test for sulfates

3) A positive test for glucose

Uric acid crystals at medium resolution.

Uric acid crystals at high resolution.